move packages to overlay and expose certain packages

18 files changed, 494 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/packages/web/site/.gitignore b/packages/web/site/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d298be1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+public/
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/web/site/config.toml b/packages/web/site/config.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6762a97
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/config.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+base_url = "https://kleidi.ca"
+build_search_index = false
+generate_feeds = true
+minify_html = true
+author = "Kleidi Bujari"
+
+[markdown]
+highlight_code = false
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/about/index.md b/packages/web/site/content/about/index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65c4556
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/about/index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+---
+title: ""
+---
+
+I'm a programmer working on Linux stuff,
+distributed systems,
+and compilers/runtimes.
+
+## Uses
+
+I run NixOS on all my computers and servers,
+and prefer to use simple unixy workflows.
+
+### Editors
+
+I use Emacs as my text editor,
+although its slowly taking over my workflow as I grow proficient.
+Rather than use a premade distribution,
+I decided early on to go vanilla and build a config myself.
+Part of the reasoning was to get a better understanding of the core emacs philosophy before adding plugins,
+the other part being that I didn't know what most plugins even did.
+
+In the past I enjoyed using neovim but left to try out the emacs hype.
+I didn't think they were too different until I tried using neovim again after ~6 months,
+and immediately missed all the functionality from emacs,
+maybe I'll elaborate in a post one day.
+Sure, neovim is a lot more minimal as an editor,
+but emacs aims to be a computing platorm with a text editor bolted on.
+They are ultimately trying to do different things,
+and lisp is just better than lua.
+
+I've played around with Helix and Kakoune but haven't dedicated serious time yet.
+
+## Meta
+
+This site is built mostly using [zola](http://getzola.org),
+with other projects built with nix sprinkled in afterwards.
+The entire site is then generated as a nix derivation and served from there.
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/paper-reviews/_index.md b/packages/web/site/content/paper-reviews/_index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33c9820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/paper-reviews/_index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
++++
+title = "Paper Reviews"
+sort_by = "date"
+generate_feeds = true
++++
+
+Once in a while I take some notes.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/_index.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/_index.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c7c63df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/_index.md
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
++++
+title = "Posts"
+sort_by = "date"
+generate_feeds = true
++++
+
+Writings and musings.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43dc7d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+---
+title: "Deterministic and unique network hostnames"
+date: "2024-11-10"
+---
+
+As part of building out a Kubernetes cluster, I wanted to build and distribute a
+single OS image to create stateless worker nodes. Using network booting, and
+some clever tricks to differentiate nodes, we can create a scaleable and
+efficient farm of workers for a cluster that don't even need disks.
+
+The idea came from a plan to build a cluster using the
+[compute blade](https://computeblade.com/), and a few Raspberry Pi SBCs I
+already own. Running the cluster from an SD card is not recommended due to the
+not-so-great reliability of the flash used by most manufacturers, so I wanted to
+try PXE booting each Pi to save money rather than purchasing an SSD for each
+one. The compute blades do support an NVMe disk, but I plan to use those for a
+storage cluster later, so they need to remain empty.
+
+## Base image
+
+Alpine Linux has been my preferred server OS for a long time. It provides a very
+lightweight base system, and bundles an excellent bootstrapping system,
+[apkovl](https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_local_backup), that allows the
+user to save a set of customisations to an system as an overlay to a stock
+Alpine live image. In other words, we can create our image once, save the
+changes as an `apkovl.tar.gz` file, and apply the same changes to a base system
+on boot. This file can even be provided as a
+[kernel parameter](https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/PXE_boot#Guide_to_options)
+and will be fetched from a remote webserver automatically!
+
+Since the image and configuration will be shipped to the node via the network,
+an added benefit of using Alpine is its tiny space consumption. I'm not using
+enough nodes for this to really matter, but it's a cool optimization regardless.
+
+## Differentiating the nodes
+
+One of the main goals of this project is that there should be no persistent
+storage required outside the boot image itself. Since every node will download
+and generate the same root file-system on startup, the first problem that arises
+is how the nodes will identify themselves both on the network and the cluster,
+given that it's not possible to name them ahead of time. In other words, any
+given node has to generate a unique hostname that won't collide with other
+workers, and that will be the same each time that node boots.
+
+Since these nodes will not have a predefined name, we have to rely on
+characteristics of the hardware to differentiate each one. The hardware MAC
+address is perfect for this, since it's unique to to each node and will not be
+wiped away after the node reboots. On a system like Linux that exposes its
+hardware through a _sysfs_, we can find a file containing the address at
+`/sys/class/net/eth0/address`. I don't really like the idea of attaching the
+literal MAC address of the node to its network hostname, since it's a security
+risk, and a bit too verbose. Instead, we can transform it into something safer
+using a `sha1sum`, which is already present on our Alpine base system:
+
+```console
+sha1sum /sys/class/net/eth0/address | head -c 6 | awk '{print "worker-" $0}'
+```
+
+### Applying the new name
+
+Ideally, the node should apply its generated hostname before reaching out for an
+address over DHCP or joining the cluster. We can make sure it happens before any
+traffic is sent out by adding a `pre-up` command to the right interface in
+`/etc/network/interfaces`:
+
+```
+
+...
+
+auto eth0
+iface eth0 inet dhcp
+    pre-up sha1sum /sys/class/net/eth0/address | head -c 6 | awk '{print "worker-" $0}' > /etc/hostname
+
+...
+```
+
+The VM I tested with looks outputs `worker-e2fae8`. Pretty clean result, and if
+you want to know the physical node that maps to each hostname, you can take note
+of the MAC address beforehand and generate the same hash on another computer to
+match them up.
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/nohup.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/nohup.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64f7983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/nohup.md
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+---
+title: "Spawning background processes"
+date: "2024-11-17"
+---
+
+Working in a terminal,
+I often pair my editor with a background process watching files.
+Before reaching for terminal multiplexers,
+see if you can get away with simple tty job control.
+Spawn the background process,
+still attached to the terminal instance:
+
+```
+program args &
+```
+
+Also redirect its output to a file,
+for when the process writes to the tty from the background:
+
+```
+nohup program args &
+```
+
+Extra reading:
+
+- <https://jvns.ca/blog/2024/07/03/reasons-to-use-job-control/>
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/overusing-emacs-modes.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/overusing-emacs-modes.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1ea1654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/overusing-emacs-modes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+---
+title: On editors and plugins
+date: 2025-08-14
+draft: true
+---
+
+The healthy package ecosystems that extensible editors have is a standout feature.
+
+After setting up my first neovim package manager,
+I never hesitated testdriving cool plugins from the community.
+I installed a terminal plugin that without really having problems with `:term`,
+or using a file manager without ever trying `:netrw`.
+After a while, I found neovim overloaded with more features than I understood,
+and frequently hit problems that encouraged yet another plugin to fix.
+The issue wasn't that I had too many plugins per se,
+it was that I didn't really understand what they did.
+I promptly declared config bankruptcy.
+
+Going forward I strictly used plugins that were worth their weight.
+That is, how they affect performance as well as any cognitive slowdown.
+I quickly found that when a plugin strays too far from core neovim,
+like not hooking into builtin functionality or not reusing normal keybinds,
+it wouldn't make the cut.
+It is simply not worth learning if it doesn't enrich the editor as a whole.
+
+Using this philosophy for a few years,
+the only external plugins that survived were
+LSP completion, a proper code formatter, and fzf for search.
+Some plugins ended up in core neovim,
+like language aware commenting and better compile commands.
+Most were deleted.
+
+This meant my editor was really good at editing text and code projects,
+and not much more.
+It was fine that it didn't have a UI for viewing GitHub stars or whatever.
+I could live without
+
+## Enter emacs
+Modes reshape emacs to better fit certain work.
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bac9e5d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+title: "On stateless compute networks"
+date: "2024-11-10"
+draft: true
+---
+
+On the topic of distributed systems and clustering,
+I am quite invested in the idea of compute nodes that rely entirely on the network for configuration.
+Arbitrary nodes can join a pre-existing cluster,
+offering their CPU time and memory for computation without relying on any pre-existing configuration on the node itself.
+In other words, any computer could pick up work,
+only needing power and a network connection to the cluster.
+
+Perhaps this eventually leads into a "self-healing" cluster where only one node is manually bootstrapped,
+which then serves a _configuration endpoint_ for other stateless nodes to reach out to for their instructions,
+which they will then also serve once they are themselves ready.
+
+Early revisions of these notes mention Kubernetes,
+but I am also trying to achieve similar results with NixOS on a custom project.
+In any case, these are my ever-updating notes towards a general implementation of a stateless distributed systems architecture.
+
+## Self healing cluster
+
+Assuming control of an external DHCP server,
+a self healing Kubernetes cluster would be feasible,
+with the PXE boot artifacts supplied by the cluster itself.
+That is, as long as one node is running the pod hosting the artifacts on a given endpoint,
+other nodes can boot those artifacts and join the cluster,
+thereby being able to host the artifacts as well.
+
+## Configuration endpoint
+
+The nodes shouldn't require a disk installed to be able to join the network.
+Rather, the lofty goal of zero-configuration compute nodes passes the job of node initialization to the supporting network.
+This is accomplished with PXE boot instructions supplied over DHCP.
+
+I delegate the following tasks to a single node in the subnet:
+
+- Gateway: Optional outbound connections if required
+- DHCP server: Cluster IPAM
+- TFTP and HTTP server: Serves iPXE firmware and kernel/initrd artifacts
diff --git a/packages/web/site/content/posts/vim-compilers.md b/packages/web/site/content/posts/vim-compilers.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f735228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/content/posts/vim-compilers.md
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+title: "Neovim's built-in compilers"
+date: "2025-01-17"
+---
+
+Today I learned that neovim's `:make` comes with many
+[backends](https://neovim.io/doc/user/quickfix.html#_6.-selecting-a-compiler)
+already configured.
+This works for checking c/cpp and python files, among other, but I was
+most interested to see [Typst] and [Pandoc] listed as well.
+
+I was looking to add this functionality with a plugin or implementing it
+manually,
+where a document can be compiled on the fly from the editor.
+After setting `:compiler pandoc`,
+generating a pdf is done with `:make pdf`,
+with other pandoc options just appended afterwards if needed.
+
+[typst]: https://typst.app
+[pandoc]: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc
diff --git a/packages/web/site/package.nix b/packages/web/site/package.nix
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aed7567
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/package.nix
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+{
+  lib,
+  zola,
+  depot,
+  stdenvNoCC,
+  ...
+}:
+
+let
+  inherit (lib) fileset;
+in
+stdenvNoCC.mkDerivation {
+  name = "megasite";
+  src = fileset.toSource {
+    root = ./.;
+    fileset = fileset.unions [
+      ./config.toml
+      ./content
+      ./static
+      ./templates
+    ];
+  };
+
+  nativeBuildInputs = [ zola ];
+  buildPhase = "zola build";
+
+  installPhase = ''
+    mkdir -p $out/share
+
+    # output site
+    cp -rv public/* $out/
+
+    # copy cv
+    cp -v ${depot.misc.cv} $out/share/cv.pdf
+  '';
+}
diff --git a/packages/web/site/static/atom.svg b/packages/web/site/static/atom.svg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..22a8b23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/static/atom.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<svg width="80" height="80" viewBox="0 0 80 80" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
+  <circle cx="40" cy="40" r="4" fill="#c5c9c5" stroke="#c5c9c5" stroke-width="2"/>
+
+  <ellipse cx="40" cy="40" rx="25" ry="12" fill="none" stroke="#c5c9c5" stroke-width="2"/>
+  <ellipse cx="40" cy="40" rx="25" ry="12" fill="none" stroke="#c5c9c5" stroke-width="2" transform="rotate(60 40 40)"/>
+  <ellipse cx="40" cy="40" rx="25" ry="12" fill="none" stroke="#c5c9c5" stroke-width="2" transform="rotate(120 40 40)"/>
+</svg>
diff --git a/packages/web/site/static/theme.css b/packages/web/site/static/theme.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..873a6ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/static/theme.css
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+/* Global Reset */
+
+* {
+    margin: 0;
+    padding: 0;
+}
+
+h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
+    font-size: 110%;
+    margin: 0.50em 0;
+}
+
+h1 { font-size: 120%; }
+
+:root {
+    --bg: #181616;
+    --fg: #c5c9c5;
+    --link: #76946a;
+    --linkhover: #98bb6c;
+}
+
+html {
+    scroll-behavior: smooth;
+    color-scheme: dark;
+}
+
+body {
+    font-size: 1em;
+    font-family: system-ui, sans-serif;
+    padding: 0 0.75em;
+    max-width: 42em;
+    margin: auto;
+    background: var(--bg);
+    color: var(--fg);
+}
+
+p {
+    line-height: 1.3em;
+    margin: 1em 0;
+}
+
+th, td {
+    padding: 0.2em 0.4em;
+    border: thin solid;
+}
+
+table {
+    border: thin solid;
+    border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+a, a:link {
+    color: var(--link);
+}
+
+a:hover {
+    color: var(--linkhover);
+}
+
+article img {
+    display: block;
+    margin: 0 auto;
+    max-width: 80%;
+    height: auto;
+    object-fit: contain;
+}
+
+pre {
+    padding: 1em;
+    overflow-x: scroll;
+}
diff --git a/packages/web/site/templates/404.html b/packages/web/site/templates/404.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a4669df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/templates/404.html
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% block content %}
+<head>
+  <title>Error 404!</title>
+</head>
+
+404!
+{% endblock content %}
diff --git a/packages/web/site/templates/base.html b/packages/web/site/templates/base.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8f49bb2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/templates/base.html
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+  <head>
+    <meta charset="utf-8" />
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
+    <title>{% block title %}kleidi.ca{% endblock title %}</title>
+    <link href="/theme.css" rel="stylesheet" />
+    {% block head%}{% endblock head %}
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <header
+      style="
+             margin: 3em 0 3em 0;
+             display: flex;
+             gap: 8px;
+             flex-direction: column;
+             font-family: monospace;
+             "
+      >
+      <span>
+        Kleidi Bujari &lt;<a href="mailto:mail@4kb.net">mail@4kb.net</a>&gt;
+      </span>
+      <nav style="display: flex; gap: 8px">
+        <span><a href="/">kleidi.ca</a> |</span>
+        <a href="/about">about</a>
+        <a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/kbujari">github</a>
+      </nav>
+    </header>
+    <main>{% block content %} {% endblock %}</main>
+  </body>
+</html>
diff --git a/packages/web/site/templates/index.html b/packages/web/site/templates/index.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc2994a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/templates/index.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+{% block content %}
+
+{% for name in ["posts", "paper-reviews"] %}
+{% set section = get_section(path=name ~ "/_index.md") %}
+{%- if section.pages | length > 0 %}
+<div style="margin-bottom: 3em">
+  <h1>{{ section.title }}</h1>
+  <ul style="list-style: none; padding-left: 0">
+    {% for page in section.pages | slice(end=3) %}
+    <li style="margin-bottom: 1em">
+      <a href="{{ page.path }}">{{ page.title }}</a>
+      <br />
+      <time datetime="{{ page.date }}">
+        {{ page.date | date(format="%B %d, %Y") }}
+      </time>
+    </li>
+    {% endfor %}
+  </ul>
+
+  {%- if section.pages | length > 2 %}
+  <a href="{{ section.path }}">see more ↗</a>
+  {% endif %}
+</div>
+{% endif %}
+{% endfor %}
+
+{% endblock content %}
diff --git a/packages/web/site/templates/page.html b/packages/web/site/templates/page.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8189fe6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/templates/page.html
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% if page.title %}
+{% block title%}
+{{ page.title }} :: {{ super() }}
+{% endblock title %}
+{% endif %}
+
+{% block content %}
+
+<article>
+  <h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
+
+  {{ page.content | safe}}
+</article>
+
+{% endblock content %}
diff --git a/packages/web/site/templates/section.html b/packages/web/site/templates/section.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bd8956
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/web/site/templates/section.html
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+{% extends "base.html" %}
+
+{% block title %}
+{{ section.title | lower }} :: {{ super() }} {% endblock title %}
+{% block content %}
+
+{% block head %}
+<link
+  rel="alternate"
+  type="application/atom+xml"
+  title="ATOM"
+  href="{{ section.permalink }}atom.xml">
+{% endblock head%}
+
+<h1>{{ section.title }}</h1>
+<p>{{ section.content | safe }}</p>
+
+<hr style="margin-bottom: 1em" />
+<ul style="list-style: none; padding-left: 0">
+  {% for page in section.pages %}
+  <li style="margin-bottom: 1em">
+    <a href="{{ page.path }}">{{ page.title }}</a>
+    <br />
+    <span>{{ page.date | date(format="%B %d, %Y") }}</span>
+  </li>
+  {% endfor %}
+</ul>
+{% endblock content %}