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authorKleidi Bujari <mail@4kb.net>2026-06-14 19:12:45 -0700
committerKleidi Bujari <mail@4kb.net>2026-06-14 19:12:45 -0700
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-rw-r--r--packages/blog/content/posts/_index.md6
-rw-r--r--packages/blog/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md80
-rw-r--r--packages/blog/content/posts/nohup.md26
-rw-r--r--packages/blog/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md41
-rw-r--r--packages/blog/content/posts/vim-compilers.md20
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diff --git a/packages/blog/content/posts/_index.md b/packages/blog/content/posts/_index.md
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-+++
-title = "Posts"
-sort_by = "date"
-page_template = "post.html"
-redirect_to="/"
-+++
diff --git a/packages/blog/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md b/packages/blog/content/posts/deterministic-hostnames.md
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----
-title: "Deterministic and unique network hostnames"
-date: "2024-11-10"
----
-
-As part of building out a Kubernetes cluster, I wanted to build and distribute a
-single OS image to create stateless worker nodes. Using network booting, and
-some clever tricks to differentiate nodes, we can create a scaleable and
-efficient farm of workers for a cluster that don't even need disks.
-
-The idea came from a plan to build a cluster using the
-[compute blade](https://computeblade.com/), and a few Raspberry Pi SBCs I
-already own. Running the cluster from an SD card is not recommended due to the
-not-so-great reliability of the flash used by most manufacturers, so I wanted to
-try PXE booting each Pi to save money rather than purchasing an SSD for each
-one. The compute blades do support an NVMe disk, but I plan to use those for a
-storage cluster later, so they need to remain empty.
-
-## Base image
-
-Alpine Linux has been my preferred server OS for a long time. It provides a very
-lightweight base system, and bundles an excellent bootstrapping system,
-[apkovl](https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/Alpine_local_backup), that allows the
-user to save a set of customisations to an system as an overlay to a stock
-Alpine live image. In other words, we can create our image once, save the
-changes as an `apkovl.tar.gz` file, and apply the same changes to a base system
-on boot. This file can even be provided as a
-[kernel parameter](https://wiki.alpinelinux.org/wiki/PXE_boot#Guide_to_options)
-and will be fetched from a remote webserver automatically!
-
-Since the image and configuration will be shipped to the node via the network,
-an added benefit of using Alpine is its tiny space consumption. I'm not using
-enough nodes for this to really matter, but it's a cool optimization regardless.
-
-## Differentiating the nodes
-
-One of the main goals of this project is that there should be no persistent
-storage required outside the boot image itself. Since every node will download
-and generate the same root file-system on startup, the first problem that arises
-is how the nodes will identify themselves both on the network and the cluster,
-given that it's not possible to name them ahead of time. In other words, any
-given node has to generate a unique hostname that won't collide with other
-workers, and that will be the same each time that node boots.
-
-Since these nodes will not have a predefined name, we have to rely on
-characteristics of the hardware to differentiate each one. The hardware MAC
-address is perfect for this, since it's unique to to each node and will not be
-wiped away after the node reboots. On a system like Linux that exposes its
-hardware through a _sysfs_, we can find a file containing the address at
-`/sys/class/net/eth0/address`. I don't really like the idea of attaching the
-literal MAC address of the node to its network hostname, since it's a security
-risk, and a bit too verbose. Instead, we can transform it into something safer
-using a `sha1sum`, which is already present on our Alpine base system:
-
-```console
-sha1sum /sys/class/net/eth0/address | head -c 6 | awk '{print "worker-" $0}'
-```
-
-### Applying the new name
-
-Ideally, the node should apply its generated hostname before reaching out for an
-address over DHCP or joining the cluster. We can make sure it happens before any
-traffic is sent out by adding a `pre-up` command to the right interface in
-`/etc/network/interfaces`:
-
-```
-
-...
-
-auto eth0
-iface eth0 inet dhcp
- pre-up sha1sum /sys/class/net/eth0/address | head -c 6 | awk '{print "worker-" $0}' > /etc/hostname
-
-...
-```
-
-The VM I tested with looks outputs `worker-e2fae8`. Pretty clean result, and if
-you want to know the physical node that maps to each hostname, you can take note
-of the MAC address beforehand and generate the same hash on another computer to
-match them up.
diff --git a/packages/blog/content/posts/nohup.md b/packages/blog/content/posts/nohup.md
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----
-title: "Spawning background processes"
-date: "2024-11-17"
----
-
-Working in a terminal,
-I often pair my editor with a background process watching files.
-Before reaching for terminal multiplexers,
-see if you can get away with simple tty job control.
-Spawn the background process,
-still attached to the terminal instance:
-
-```
-program args &
-```
-
-Also redirect its output to a file,
-for when the process writes to the tty from the background:
-
-```
-nohup program args &
-```
-
-Extra reading:
-
-- <https://jvns.ca/blog/2024/07/03/reasons-to-use-job-control/>
diff --git a/packages/blog/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md b/packages/blog/content/posts/stateless-compute-networks.md
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----
-title: "On stateless compute networks"
-date: "2024-11-10"
-draft: true
----
-
-On the topic of distributed systems and clustering,
-I am quite invested in the idea of compute nodes that rely entirely on the network for configuration.
-Arbitrary nodes can join a pre-existing cluster,
-offering their CPU time and memory for computation without relying on any pre-existing configuration on the node itself.
-In other words, any computer could pick up work,
-only needing power and a network connection to the cluster.
-
-Perhaps this eventually leads into a "self-healing" cluster where only one node is manually bootstrapped,
-which then serves a _configuration endpoint_ for other stateless nodes to reach out to for their instructions,
-which they will then also serve once they are themselves ready.
-
-Early revisions of these notes mention Kubernetes,
-but I am also trying to achieve similar results with NixOS on a custom project.
-In any case, these are my ever-updating notes towards a general implementation of a stateless distributed systems architecture.
-
-## Self healing cluster
-
-Assuming control of an external DHCP server,
-a self healing Kubernetes cluster would be feasible,
-with the PXE boot artifacts supplied by the cluster itself.
-That is, as long as one node is running the pod hosting the artifacts on a given endpoint,
-other nodes can boot those artifacts and join the cluster,
-thereby being able to host the artifacts as well.
-
-## Configuration endpoint
-
-The nodes shouldn't require a disk installed to be able to join the network.
-Rather, the lofty goal of zero-configuration compute nodes passes the job of node initialization to the supporting network.
-This is accomplished with PXE boot instructions supplied over DHCP.
-
-I delegate the following tasks to a single node in the subnet:
-
-- Gateway: Optional outbound connections if required
-- DHCP server: Cluster IPAM
-- TFTP and HTTP server: Serves iPXE firmware and kernel/initrd artifacts
diff --git a/packages/blog/content/posts/vim-compilers.md b/packages/blog/content/posts/vim-compilers.md
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----
-title: "Neovim's built-in compilers"
-date: "2025-01-17"
----
-
-Today I learned that neovim's `:make` comes with many
-[backends](https://neovim.io/doc/user/quickfix.html#_6.-selecting-a-compiler)
-already configured.
-This works for checking c/cpp and python files, among other, but I was
-most interested to see [Typst] and [Pandoc] listed as well.
-
-I was looking to add this functionality with a plugin or implementing it
-manually,
-where a document can be compiled on the fly from the editor.
-After setting `:compiler pandoc`,
-generating a pdf is done with `:make pdf`,
-with other pandoc options just appended afterwards if needed.
-
-[typst]: https://typst.app
-[pandoc]: https://github.com/jgm/pandoc